If you've long since stopped thinking about our
former PM's career path, you're in for a surprise:He's
more powerful than ever
By
Konrad Yakabuski
Report on Business Magazine
April 2004
Palm Beach, Fla., is a town
where a resident's net worth is summed up in the capsule
description that invariably is tacked onto their name in the local
society column.
As in, pharmaceutical heir Laddie Merck, Cuban-American
sugar king Pepe Fanjul, oil billionaire David Koch, or Kate Ford, the
widow of Henry
Ford II.
Former Canadian prime minister and globetrotting
rainmaker Brian Mulroney—a Palm Beach homeowner since 1997—fits
in marvellously here.
So it was, on a Friday evening
in March, that a select group of the island community's
seasonal and permanent inhabitants—among
them Paul Desmarais, Conrad Black, Koch, Fanjul
and Ford—descended
on the ritzy Club Colette on Peruvian Avenue. The
occasion that brought them to the private dinner
club (which was once owned
by Aldo Gucci,
a detail too delicious to ignore for anyone familiar
with Mulroney's shoe fixation) was the boy from
Baie Comeau's 65th birthday party.
They were joined
by an illustrious list of out-of-towners. George
Bush Sr. flew over from Houston. Gustavo
Cisneros, Venezuela's richest man, came up from
Caracas. Dallas-based leveraged
buyout wizard
Tom Hicks popped over from his retreat in the Caribbean.
So did Irish media baron Tony O'Reilly, who flew
in on his Gulfstream III. Pierre
Karl Péladeau came down from Montreal, Gerry
Schwartz and Galen Weston from Toronto.
Joan Rivers,
a family friend through shared charitable causes,
kept everyone amused. “Mila
is so attractive,” the
comedienne, in five-inch rhinestone heels, cracked, “that
the first time I met her, I thought she was the
second wife.” Mila
Mulroney, in a silver lamé Dolce & Gabbana creation,
blushed.
If Mulroney's 65th birthday was the official
reason for the celebration, there were other excuses
to party.
The year had been a very good one for
Mulroney, his best since leaving office in 1993. The
legacy he so longed for was
finally
taking shape. It began with an April 17, 2003,
letter from RCMP Commissioner Giuliano Zaccardelli
informing Mulroney that he had been fully exonerated
in the Airbus affair. It continued in June when
he was named the second-best prime minister
of the past 50 years by
an elite panel of 28 academics
(Lester Pearson was first). Then, in February,
journalist Stevie Cameron was exposed as an
RCMP informant in the Airbus case. Cameron, who had
spent much of her career trying to tear down
Mulroney's, ended up seriously compromising her own.
Mulroney enjoyed the irony in that.
So did his friends. Those assembled
at the party—the main event
during a weekend of soirées, brunches
and cocktails that Cisneros would label “a whole Brian Mulroney
festival”—had
never doubted his innocence nor underestimated
his political achievements. To them, Mulroney was
an icon. They'd seen him spend
the previous decade
building a hugely successful international
business career, amassing much wealth and even greater
influence than he held as prime minister.
Bush, Desmarais,
Cisneros, Hicks, O'Reilly, Péladeau and others—people
with names like Rockefeller, Kissinger, Munk and Forbes—had
been eager helpmates in Mulroney's ascent to the top of the global
business establishment. As Mulroney expanded and consolidated
his worldwide network—flitting from his Montreal base
at the law firm of Ogilvy Renault to Beijing, Brussels, Cape
Town, Moscow, Dublin,
Dallas, Paris, London, New York, Washington
and Caracas—he
never forgot his friends. For them, he opened
doors. To them, he offered his counsel. With him, they
got richer.
“
I'm an unabashed Mulroney fan,” says Bush, the
former U.S. president and father of the Oval Office's
current occupant. “If he said, ‘This
is something you oughta do,' that would get
more than a cursory consideration from me.” Adds
Cisneros, who controls one of the world's biggest private
conglomerates, with 72 companies in more than 80 countries: “Brian
Mulroney is a walking encyclopedia. He knows
all the issues better than anybody else and he can
give
you better advice than anyone else. He also
has a wealth of contacts. If you need to talk
to the president of Argentina or some other country,
Brian knows them. ”
The late-afternoon light streams
into Brian Mulroney's office on the 12th floor
of a McGill College Avenue office tower. On his desk
is a thick stack of
paper that constitutes the memoirs he has
written in longhand, about to be sent to his
publisher,
McClelland & Stewart;
hanging behind the imposing bureau, a portrait
of Mila and the kids. At the other end of
the office is a large collection of framed photographs.
There's Brian and the Bushes. Brian and Bill
Clinton. Brian and François
Mitterrand. Brian and Ronald Reagan. More
Bushes. Brian and the Pope. Brian and Ted
Kennedy. Another Bush.
Wearing a classic double-breasted
blue pinstripe
suit, the former prime minister looks rested
and, on the eve of becoming a senior citizen,
healthier than he has in years. In contrast
to the dour and haggard man with the tired
voice that Canadians remember from his final
years in office, this Brian Mulroney is a
chipper 65. Which is astonishing, considering
the schedule he keeps. He has shown no inclination to slow
down,
despite a scare in 2002 when
doctors detected an irregular
heartbeat. Mulroney, who taps a pouch of Equal
into his coffee, insists he is in fine shape
and exercises regularly.
“
The truth of the matter is that I work as hard today,
if not harder, than I did when I was 35,” he says. “But
I'm having a great time doing it. I love it. ”
In the
five weeks leading up to this interview, Mulroney
has been in more airports than many
people see in a lifetime. There was a jaunt
with Desmarais to the White House for meetings
with President
George W. Bush and National Security Adviser
Condoleezza Rice. A trip to South Africa for
a meeting of the global advisory board of
Independent News and Media Group—the Tony O'Reilly-controlled
communications giant that owns some 200 newspapers—and
a courtesy call on an old friend, Nelson Mandela.
New York was next.
There, he attended board
meetings
at Trizec Properties Inc., Peter Munk's U.S.
real estate company, and Cendant Corp., the
massive franchiser that owns such name
brands as Century
21 and Coldwell Banker in real estate, Avis
and
Budget in car rentals, and Days Inn and Ramada
in hotels. A couple of days later, Mulroney
was in Toronto for a meeting of the Barrick Gold
Corp. board. Then to Palm Beach to speak at
an American Ireland Fund dinner with
O'Reilly, who
is chairman of the international Ireland Funds.
After that, back to New York for a board meeting
at America Online Latin America Inc., a Cisneros-controlled
joint venture with Time Warner Inc.
To Montreal,
then, for a day of meetings as co-chair of
a committee struck by Quebec Premier
Jean Charest to study Montreal's plan for
two new superhospitals. The next couple of
days at home were
devoted to work at Quebecor Inc., where Mulroney
is on the board of both the parent holding
company
and subsidiary Quebecor Media. Then a day
in New York as chairman of printing behemoth
Quebecor
World Inc. Mulroney ended the month as the
star attraction brought in by Steve Forbes—Mulroney
is the chairman of Forbes Global, the international
edition of Forbes—to
entertain high-powered CEOs on the Forbes
yacht, the Highlander, off the Florida coast.
Mulroney sits on 16 corporate boards or international advisory
boards. He almost added another to
the long list last fall, when he emerged as
a key figure in New York hedge
fund Cerberus Capital
Management's bid to become struggling Air
Canada's saviour. Mulroney, the fund's senior
legal adviser, would have become the airline's
chairman had the Cerberus offer been accepted.
(Air Canada
instead opted for the bid by Hong Kong-Canadian
businessman Victor Li. But by early April,
Li had all but pulled out, paving the way
for a revival of the Cerberus offer.) Mulroney
was recruited for the Cerberus gig
by Dan Quayle, George
Bush Sr.'s vice-president, who heads the hedge
fund's international advisory board.
Such
boards—which began popping up in the mid-1990s and are now
a must-have for a global company—are a networker's
dream. Mulroney sits on IABs with, among
others, former U.S. secretaries of state Henry
Kissinger and George Shultz, philanthropist
David Rockefeller and Clinton insider Vernon
Jordan. “You
meet them socially, you become friendly,” Mulroney
explains. “When they're looking for lawyers in Canada,
they'll call me. And vice versa. Or the
CEO of one of the companies I'm involved
with will call me and say, ‘We're looking at spinning
off a division in Europe. Do you think Hicks
Muse [the Dallas-based leveraged buyout firm where Mulroney
is a senior counsellor]
would be interested?' ”
Mulroney's international
advisory seats include J.P. Morgan Chase,
the second-largest U.S.
bank; Desmarais's Power Corp. of Canada;
Frank Stronach's Magna International Inc.;
General Enterprise Management Services Ltd.,
a Hong Kong-based investment fund run by
former Li Ka-shing
lieutenant Simon Murray; and China International
Trust and Investment Corp. (CITIC), a huge
state-owned conglomerate that specializes
in joint ventures with non-Chinese partners.
What do they expect
from the former prime minister? “Geo-strategic evaluations,” he
offers. Most of his advice is highly confidential.
Mulroney would never say if, for
example, he has told CITIC whether he thinks
George W. is toast in November. But he probably
has.
His board work, Mulroney insists, is still secondary
to his activities as a senior
partner at Ogilvy Renault. “This is
the cornerstone of my existence,” he says of the
firm he rejoined almost immediately after
leaving office in 1993. “The promotion
of the interests of Ogilvy Renault and its
clients is my principal preoccupation. ”
Mulroney's
name alone on the letterhead draws business
to the firm. But he doesn't
leave it at that. “He's always available
to partners who like to introduce him to
clients or CEOs or give talks to small groups,” says
Ogilvy Renault managing partner Raymond
Crevier. “It's
amazing the attraction he has. I've seen
him talking to clients over dinner and they just stop
everything and listen. He's got this Irish
charm. In the past 15 years, [hiring Mulroney]
is the best thing we've done as a firm. ”
Mulroney's
job at Ogilvy Renault carries no salary.
Nor does he take credit for the
business he generates for the firm. When
he snags a client, he immediately refers
the catch
to another partner. And when Mulroney chalks
up billable hours on behalf of the firm,
he credits it to the account of an associate.
Mulroney's only remuneration for his activities
at Ogilvy Renault comes from his share of
the profits he derives as a partner.
Brian
Mulroney was introduced to the realities of global
business long before most of us.
He was born in a town that owed its
very existence to trade and border-crossing
capital. The North Shore town of Baie
Comeau was built a few years before Mulroney's
birth in 1939 by Colonel Robert McCormick,
to supply newsprint for his Chicago Tribune
and New York Daily News. Mulroney's father,
Ben, an electrician, went to work for
McCormick's Quebec North Shore Paper Co., and the family
settled on the English side of town, which
was normally reserved for
managers. Most residents of Baie Comeau
stuck to their own. But young Brian easily
straddled the town's two cultures, at
ease with the working-class
francophones with whom he fraternized
at Catholic school and unintimidated by management-class
Americans who ran the mill.
McCormick
liked to fish near the town he had built. He also
liked to be entertained. So it was that, on one of his
fishing excursions to the North Shore, McCormick's
PR man sought
out a seven-year-old reputed to be a
fine singer. Mulroney was escorted to
Le Manoir, the hotel McCormick
had built. Perched atop a piano, he
asked McCormick what he wanted to hear. “And he said
that his favourite song was Dearie but
that I wouldn't know it because how could a kid from Baie Comeau be
expected
to know that. But I knew it and I sang
it, and others as well,” Mulroney
told biographer L. Ian MacDonald in
1984. “And
they gave me $50 and put me in the car
and drove me home. And I gave it to my mother and she
just
about had cardiac arrest. ”
This anecdote has
been appropriated by Mulroney's fans
and critics alike. The fans say
it
illustrates the magnetism of his personality.
The detractors say it shows how Mulroney
was, from an early age, all too eager
to please the rich and powerful.
To
adopt the latter thesis, one has to assume a shallowness—not
in Mulroney, but in those who have succumbed
to his charms. Desmarais, Bush, Munk
and Cisneros are a lot of things, but shallow they are
not.
Mulroney was no stranger to the business
world when he left politics. A gifted
labour lawyer before entering public
life in 1983, he had already established
a successful business career that, while
not making him rich, had certainly made
him influential in Montreal financial circles. Two men
above all had been the young Mulroney's
mentors. They were Paul Desmarais and
Pierre Péladeau.
In 1964, 25-year-old
Mulroney, fresh out of Laval University law school,
joined the Montreal firm of Howard,
Cate, Ogilvy. His salary was $5,200
a year. It was the same year that Péladeau,
then 39, started the tabloid Journal
de Montréal during a strike at La Presse,
Quebec's dominant broadsheet. In 1967, the 40-year-old
Desmarais bought La Presse; Péladeau
and Desmarais instantly became rival
media barons. Like the papers they
owned, the two men were a study in contrasts:
Desmarais was understated, debonair
and ultrafederalist;
Péladeau was boisterous, funny-looking
and a Quebec nationalist.
Yet both men took to Mulroney.
When
workers at Le Journal de Montréal
unionized in the late 1960s, Péladeau
called on Mulroney to negotiate the
first collective agreement. In
1971, with La Presse once again embroiled
in a lengthy labour conflict, Desmarais,
too, turned
to Mulroney. By that time, the dispute
was already into its ninth month, and
Péladeau's Journal was making
deep inroads into La
Presse's readership. “So,
I thought of Brian Mulroney and said, ‘We'll
see whether he can be helpful,' ” Desmarais recalls. “He
was very helpful. He related well to
the negotiating teams, both ours and the labour side.
I think he had some influence on the
labour leaders, such as [late Quebec
Federation of
Labour president] Louis Laberge. He
got to know them and
they trusted him.” Within a week of Mulroney's
involvement, the conflict was settled.
After that, Desmarais and his Power Corp. lieutenants
regularly sought Mulroney's
counsel. “We used him as a labour lawyer
from time to time. But really he was
more of a friend you would talk to whenever
you had an idea you needed to bounce off someone,” Desmarais
says. “He's a pretty wise guy. He knew a lot
of people, too. He got around a lot—more than
I ever did.”
Neither Desmarais nor Péladeau
seemed to hold it against Mulroney that
he had befriended, and simultaneously
worked for, their chief competitor.
Such was the extent of Mulroney's charm
and legal skill. The same ease with
competing interests—labour, management,
Liberals, Péquistes—was evident in Mulroney's
star turn on the Cliche inquiry into
the construction industry in 1974.
Shortly after his
first, unsuccessful
bid for the Progressive Conservative
leadership in 1976, Mulroney moved from
a supporting role in the business world
to the corner office, as president of
the Iron Ore Co.
of Canada, a subsidiary of Cleveland-based
Hanna Mining. The position enabled Mulroney
to
not only demonstrate his managerial
skill—he
turned a troubled company into a highly
profitable one and improved its labour
relations record despite closing its Schefferville,
Que., operations—but
also to extend south his already considerable
network. Iron Ore's parent had a high-powered
board, and
Mulroney made sure all of its members
took note of his achievements.
By the
time he had decided, for the second
time, to make the leap from business
to politics, Mulroney had accumulated
no fewer than 10 notable directorships,
including Canadian Imperial Bank of
Commerce, Standard Broadcasting (then
controlled by Conrad Black) and Montreal's
Ritz-Carlton Hotel, his favourite haunt.
His ability to win over almost anyone was the hallmark of Mulroney's
quest
for 24 Sussex Drive. But charm in
itself is no match for the centrifugal tensions
of actually being in power in Canada.
Without the binding force of his ambition
and personality, the coalition that
Mulroney put together would split
into no less than three parties—Reform,
Bloc Québécois and a PC
rump. The Prime Minister's office was
not, by the end, the
most satisfying fit for Mulroney's abilities.
It was clear he was not headed for retirement when,
at barely 54, he stepped down
in 1993. Besides, he needed the money.
As Iron Ore president, Mulroney evidently
never earned more than $400,000 a year.
For a decade he had lived on a politician's
paltry salary, and his pension on leaving
office barely topped $33,000. With four
U.S.-college-bound children to support,
having himself grown
accustomed to finer tastes, and with
a new $1.67-million Westmount home and
$1 million
in renovations to pay for, Mulroney's
lifestyle required a salary in seven
digits.
Perhaps it was this pressure
that led him, shortly after leaving office, to
accept a $300,000 consulting contract
from Karlheinz Schreiber, the German-Canadian
businessman whose name would come
back to haunt Mulroney in the Airbus case.
At the time, though, Schreiber had
not been
accused of any
illegal activities.
In the end,
Mulroney
didn't need Schreiber's business.
His pro-market agenda as prime minister
between 1984 and 1993—centred around free trade,
privatization and tax reform—had ingratiated
him to big business and helped usher
in an era where global networkers were indispensable
to any ambitious
company. As a recently retired head
of state, Mulroney was on a first-name
basis with some of the most powerful
men and women on the planet. Combined
with his people skills and head for business—he
could actually read a balance sheet—he was
an inviting catch for almost any major transnational
corporation. The
offers
poured in.
Shortly before he left
office, Mulroney lunched alone with
a single guest. Peter Munk barely knew the outgoing
prime minister, but had nevertheless requested
the tte-^-tte. A couple
of years earlier, Mulroney had made
an indelible impression on the Hungarian-born
entrepreneur after Munk stunned Bay Street with a
$31.6-million
gain
on the stock options he held in his
American Barrick Resources Corp. (now
Barrick Gold Corp.). It was, at the time, the biggest
payday ever
recorded by a Canadian corporate boss.
The Barrick chairman was pilloried
in the media, accused of unabashed
greed. But Munk—who had founded
Barrick in 1983 and helped its stock
price soar 11-fold from 1986 to 1991—figured
he deserved the reward. So did Mulroney. “I
was in my office and the phone rang,” Munk
recalls. “Someone
on the other end said, ‘This is the office
of the Prime Minister.' ” Munk
thought it was a joke. When a distinctive
baritone voice came on the line, he
realized it wasn't. “I
just read about this coup you made
and I want you to know that what Canada needs is
many more Peter
Munks,” Mulroney
declared. “I'm
proud of you.”
By 1993,
Munk's mining empire was expanding
rapidly around the globe, particularly
in Latin America. Mulroney, who had
just negotiated Canada's entry into
the North American Free Trade Agreement,
knew the area intimately.
Munk naturally figured the former
prime minister would
be an excellent addition to Barrick's
board, and that of its largest shareholder,
Munk's Horsham Corp. “No one on our board knows
the quality or quantity of people
globally that Brian does,” Munk says
now. “He has got this unbelievable network
that he has spent years and years
developing. And he works enormously
hard to maintain those
contacts. That's why those contacts
are so alive and useful. He wasn't
born with them. He's not royalty. ”
Mulroney
joined the boards of Barrick and Horsham
in November, 1993, and
was immediately granted options to
buy 250,000 shares in each Munk firm.
The options grant was unprecedented
for a non-executive director of a Canadian
company, and led shareholder-rights
proponent William Riedl to wonder, “Are Mulroney's
contacts worth that much? ”
They were—Paul
Desmarais, for instance. Munk and
Desmarais had been acquaintances, but hardly anything so intimate as
business partners.
Mulroney changed that. The result
was a Barrick-Power joint venture
to develop gold
deposits in China. Of course, the
partnership would have
been fruitless without the co-operation
of the Chinese government. In early
1994, Mulroney took Munk to China, and asked Desmarais to come
along. Desmarais was no slouch when
it came to influencing the Chinese,
having done business in the Communist colossus for years. Mulroney,
though,
had his own ins. The trio's dinner
partner one night during the trip
ended up being none other than Zhu
Rongji, then head of the Chinese central
bank, without whose accord access to the country's gold deposits
would
have been impossible. “The next day we met
the Premier,” says
a still-stunned Munk. “This is a good example
of how Brian uses his connections
and contacts and turns them
into international business opportunities
for the companies he's involved
with. ”
Another example: In 1994, Mulroney
met with Argentinian President Carlos
Menem and his Chilean counterpart,
Eduardo Frei. Barrick had acquired
mining concessions that straddled
the historically contentious border
between the two countries. Developing
the
mines promised to be a logistical
nightmare, given laws that required
miners to descend a mountain 48 kilometres
and report to a border crossing before
entering
the part of the mine located in the
neighbouring country. Mulroney, Munk
says, got the countries to hammer
out
an agreement that allowed the Barrick
workers to cross the border freely. “That was
of enormous importance to us, ” says Munk.
In
early 1995, Mulroney asked his friend
George Bush to work for Barrick.
Bush was reluctant. “I said, ‘I have
a policy, Brian. I don't go on [corporate]
boards,' ” explains
the former U.S. president. “But Brian said, ‘You
wouldn't be on the board; you'll be
a [senior honorary] adviser. I think this will
be a wonderful experience for you.'
And he was right.” In 1996,
Bush and Mulroney lobbied Indonesian
President Suharto on behalf of Barrick's
bid to win control of the Busang gold deposit in
Borneo that
had been
discovered by Bre-X Minerals Ltd.
(Is this what Munk meant when, according
to Titans author Peter C. Newman, he once said Mulroney “knows
every dictator in the world on a first-name
basis?” Munk
denies having made the comment.) Suharto,
however, had a last-minute change
of heart, and gave the concession
to another company. That was
a lucky
thing for Barrick, Bush and Mulroney:
What was supposed to be the world's
biggest gold deposit ended up
being the world's biggest mining fraud.
By 1998, Mulroney was crisscrossing Europe on Barrick's
behalf. He was
hired by the gold industry's World
Gold Council to persuade European
central banks to stop dumping their
stocks of the precious metal willy-nilly
into the market.
Seconded by former Bank of Canada
governor John Crow, Mulroney lobbied
the continent's most powerful central
bankers,
presidents and prime ministers.
The result
was
an agreement that is credited with
stabilizing the metal's price.
Barrick
occupied much of Mulroney's time during his early years
out of
office. But he earned far fatter paycheques
from his speaking engagements during
that period. Despite his oratorial
prowess, Mulroney had no desire when
he retired from politics to keep making
speeches. When he was approached by
Harry Rhoads Jr. of the Washington
Speakers Bureau—the same agency that then represented
Ronald Reagan and Margaret Thatcher—Mulroney
initially declined. It was Mila Mulroney,
her husband says, who made him change his mind. “She
said, ‘Listen,
you've made 11,000 speeches as a politician
for nothing. Now it's time to get
out and make a couple that you get paid for.' ” Mulroney
did far more than that. He took on
dozens of engagements during his first
few years out of office, talking largely about trade
and leadership
issues.
At $45,000 (U.S.) a pop—plus expenses—Mulroney
pocketed as much as $1 million (U.S.)
a year from the gigs.
By late 1995, however, Mulroney
would
have neither the time nor the inclination
to do much public speaking. His energies
were consumed by a much more important
endeavour—clearing his name.
His reputation in Canada was already
in tatters when he left office, one
of the most unpopular prime ministers in history.
But any chance
of restoring his name seemed dead
when it leaked out in 1995 that Mulroney
had been named by the Canadian government in a letter
requesting
assistance
from Swiss authorities in an RCMP
investigation. The Mounties were looking
into alleged illegal commissions paid on then government-owned
Air Canada's
$1.8-billion purchase of Airbus aircraft.
The letter referred to “an
ongoing scheme by Mr. Mulroney, [lobbyist
Frank] Moores and [Karlheinz] Schreiber
to defraud the
Canadian government of millions of
dollars. ”
News of the letter risked diminishing
Mulroney's poor public standing even
further. It also risked killing his
business career.
“
My wife and family and I had some very difficult times,” Mulroney
says. “There were some very sad moments when
we were fighting off these accusations against this
army of lawyers and experts financed by
the taxpayers of Canada.” But fight is exactly
what Mulroney did, launching an unprecedented $50-million
libel suit against the federal
government. “Had the Chrétien government
not tried to ruin my family and I with those false
and malicious allegations, you would
never have heard a peep out of me,” says Mulroney,
who had consciously kept a low profile in Canada
after leaving office. “But I
had to defend myself, the honour of
my family and the good name of my government. ”
Mulroney
had effectively called the Chrétien
government's bluff.
In January, 1997, the two parties
reached an out-of-court settlement
that saw Ottawa acknowledge that the
allegations were unjustified and cover
Mulroney's
legal and public relations fees—a
$2-million tab. Far more important
than the money, however, was the apology
that went with it. Still, it would be six more
years before
the RCMP closed its investigation
in the case and fully exonerated Mulroney.
This “Kafkaesque nightmare” behind him,
Mulroney is circumspect about the
whole affair. Maybe he is saving the best for his memoirs.
But he cannot resist turning the knife
ever so subtly: “I've made
it a practice for many years never
to comment on the work of the police
or their informants,” he
says with evident satisfaction. Then,
turning to a cryptic quote from his political idol
John Diefenbaker,
he announces, “It is a long road that has no
ash cans.” Mulroney
laughs heartily at this. Translation:
What goes around, comes around.
When
the Airbus allegations became public,
Mulroney sent offers of resignation
to Ogilvy Renault and all of the companies
on whose boards he sat. They were
rejected. Indeed, Archer Daniels Midland
called on Mulroney to help it restore
its own reputation.
Mulroney's appointment
to the ADM board, his first after leaving office,
seemed curious. It was a massive
Midwestern agribusiness that made staples like
vegetable oil and corn syrup. Mulroney
had no expertise in that field.
The company was known as a personal
fiefdom of CEO Dwayne Andreas, who
had run it with an iron fist for
a quarter of a century, affording limitless
opportunities for career advancement
to his own family.
Andreas knew Paul
Desmarais, and sat on Power's international advisory
board. Another member of Power's board—and
ADM's board—was
Mulroney pal Ross Johnson, the Canadian-born
ex-CEO of RJR Nabisco, whose spectacular attempt
to take
over his own company had been famously
chronicled in Barbarians at the Gate.
But if personal relationships helped
him land a job, Mulroney proved that
they did not stop him from exercising
his fiduciary duty.
In July, 1995, ADM tapped Mulroney
and former company chairman John Daniels
to co-chair a board committee to craft
the company's response to price-fixing
allegations. The result was a massive
overhaul of ADM's board
and the departure of several Andreas
cronies, including his son and heir
apparent Michael Andreas, who later
spent time
in jail in connection with the scandal.
Mulroney was the key figure in negotiating
a settlement on the
price-fixing charges that saw ADM
pay $100 million
(U.S.), a record antitrust fine at
the time. Mulroney went head-to-head
with Dwayne Andreas,
then 78, who resisted the radical
strategy, especially
the sacrificing of his son.
Mulroney's
work was lauded by analysts, who described him as “an
important agent of change.” The day the settlement
was announced, ADM's shares hit a
52-week high. Mulroney had earned high regard within
ADM too. After Dwayne Andreas stepped down in 1997,
his
successor, his nephew Allen Andreas,
brought Mulroney into his inner circle as a member
of his executive committee. “Brian was instrumental
in guiding us during a period when
we brought in a new code of ethics and revamped the
entire structure of the board to meet new requirements
that have since been put in place
by the Securities and Exchange Commission,” Allen
Andreas says.
Dwayne Andreas was not
the only high-powered CEO that Mulroney met through
Paul
Desmarais. In 1996, Mulroney went
to a party at Desmarais's Montreal
home that was also attended by Gustavo
Cisneros, who sat with the host on
the international advisory board of
the Chase Manhattan Bank. Mulroney
and Cisneros hit it
off immediately. The
two
shared a common passion: free trade. “I had
always had the greatest respect for
Brian Mulroney as prime minister,” says Cisneros,
whose personal wealth is estimated at $4.6
billion (U.S.) and whose empire includes
Venezuela's largest broadcaster, Peru's largest brewer
and the
Miss Venezuela contest. “Brian understood more
than anybody else how important free
trade was to Canadian prosperity.
And I had been very involved in free
trade discussions from a Latin-American
point of view.
So, I knew all about him. ”
Mulroney and Cisneros
stayed in touch. The following year,
when Cisneros was looking for directors for his
Latin-American pay-TV company Ibero-American
Media Partners Ltd., he thought of
his new Canadian friend. Eventually,
the friendship grew to include both
men's wives and children. In 1999,
they all went
on a two-week safari
in southern Africa. It was there that
Cisneros learned just how plugged-in
Mulroney really was. “He slept with a radio,” Cisneros
laughs. “So,
in the morning, we would get a briefing
on everything that was happening in
the world. We were the most
well-informed safari ever. ”
Mulroney recommended
Cisneros—a fierce opponent of Venezuelan President
Hugo Chavez, who has accused the media
baron of complicity in the country's
short-lived 2002 coup d'état—to another
friend, Peter Munk. Cisneros joined Barrick's international
advisory
board in 2003, and its
board of directors later that year.
Cisneros's partner in Ibero-American
was Dallas-based leveraged buyout
wizard Tom Hicks. By the late 1990s,
his firm, Hicks Muse Tate & Furst Inc., had done
deals worth more than $50 billion
(U.S.) during its 15-year
existence. Hicks also had
become a major figure
in pro sports, after personally buying
the Dallas Stars and the Texas Rangers.
The latter purchase
in 1998 enabled Hicks's
friend George W.
Bush, then governor of Texas, to pocket
a profit of at least $15 million (U.S.)
on his initial $600,000
investment in the team.
After Cisneros
recruited Mulroney for the Ibero-American
board, Hicks
asked the ex-prime minister to sit
on Hicks Muse's Latin-American strategy
board, scouting out investments and
offering advice about the
region's volatile political climate.
Eventually,
Mulroney became the chairman of that
board and of the firm's European strategy
board. Over dinner in Chile, in 2000,
Hicks asked Mulroney to join the firm
on a full-time basis. Mulroney declined,
instead opting to become a senior
counsellor with an undisclosed equity
interest in the firm. In addition
to identifying new investment opportunities,
Mulroney was charged with
recruiting high-profile names to the
firm's advisory boards. His first
catch? Henry Kissinger. “Brian's proven to
be just what we hoped for. He's a
sage adviser and he's got great judgment,” says
Hicks, citing Mulroney's involvement
in Hicks Muse's $406-million purchase
this year, with two bank-owned
equity funds, of Canadian cable
company Persona
Inc.
Hicks also credits Mulroney with
saving his partnership with Cisneros.
After the 2001 merger of Ibero-American
with El Sitio Inc., an Argentinian
internet company,
Cisneros and Hicks reached an
impasse while renegotiating the terms
of their ownership in the merged company,
Claxson Interactive Group Inc. Mulroney
summoned Hicks and Cisneros to a meeting
at the latter's New York home. “It was one
of those things that could have gone
either way,” says
Hicks. “But
because Brian had the trust of both
sides, we were able to reach an agreement
to redo our partnership
very effectively. ”
Just what is the Mulroney
magic that turns antagonistic rivals
into concordant, if sometimes reluctant, partners?
As a labour lawyer, Mulroney settled
more disputes than a thousand schoolyard
monitors put together. As a politician,
he
built the most impressive coalition
in Canadian history. And
now, as a business globetrotter, he
continues to play matchmaker and marriage
counsellor with uncanny
success. “Instead
of focusing only on the problem at
hand, he focuses on human nature and
the way people react,” says his long-time confidant
and former deputy chief of staff in Ottawa, Luc
Lavoie, now an executive vice-president
at Quebecor Inc. “He never bullies people and
he makes sure that both sides in any negotiation
come out
of it
with their dignity intact. And he
never wears out. He can go on for
hours, always with his eye on
the ball. ”
Grupo Cisneros and Independent News
are the lesser-known, in Canada, of
the three media leviathans with which
Mulroney is most closely associated.
In early 1997, Mulroney reunited with
his mentor, Pierre Péladeau, joining the board
of Quebecor Printing Inc. Already
overburdened with his other corporate and charitable
obligations, Mulroney
expected his involvement with the
Péladeaus to end there.
Fate would determine otherwise.
On
Dec. 2 of that year, Pierre Péladeau suffered
a massive heart attack. He lay in a coma for three
weeks before his death on Christmas
Eve. His sons, Pierre Karl, then 36,
and Érik, 42, were ill-prepared
for the loss of their father. Pierre
Péladeau had left no clear
succession plan in place. Chaos could
have ensued. “A couple of
months after Pierre died, the boys
asked me to have lunch with them at le Club Saint-Denis,” Mulroney
says. “With the loss
of their dad, they felt it might be
helpful to have someone around with some grey
in his hair, someone who knew the
family, who knew the culture of the business, and who
wouldn't be
pushed around by anybody. ”
For the first couple
of years, the relationship was mostly
conducted through Ogilvy Renault, Quebecor's
law firm. Mulroney offered advice
or opened doors as
requested. He was instrumental in
Quebecor's first
major foray into the English-language
media business, the gutsy $983-million
purchase of the Sun newspaper chain
in 1998. And he played matchmaker
the
following year in Quebecor Printing's
$1.4-billion (U.S.) bid for
U.S. giant
World Color Press Inc. New York leveraged
buyout firm Kohlberg Kravis Roberts
owned a quarter of World Color's
stock, and was
reluctant to tender its shares. “At a certain
point we faced a deal-breaker,” Pierre Karl
Péladeau says. “Because
of his personal contact with Henry
Kravis, Mr. Mulroney was able to get
the parties together and get the
transaction done. ”
Since then, Mulroney's role
at Quebecor has grown exponentially.
In 1999, he became chairman of Sun Media, stepping
in as interim CEO of the country's
second-biggest newspaper chain when
his friend Paul Godfrey left in early
2000. Later in
2000, Mulroney defused an explosive
battle between Péladeau and John Weaver,
the CEO of newsprint producer Abitibi-Consolidated
Inc.
Mulroney also put Péladeau and Ted Rogers
back on speaking terms. In the venomous battle for
Quebec
cable giant Groupe Vidéotron
Ltée in 2000, Quebecor killed a friendly deal
between Vidéotron's
controlling shareholder, André Chagnon, and
Rogers Communications Inc. by enlisting
the deep pockets of the Caisse de dépôt
et placement du Québec and going to court
to quash a lock-up agreement between
Chagnon and Rogers. Mulroney used an invitation to
his daughter
Caroline's wedding in September, 2000,
to get his friends Rogers and
Péladeau to bury the hatchet and begin thinking
about deals they could do together.
Rogers's cellphone unit has since become one of the
principal sponsors of Star Académie, the mega-hit
reality show that runs on Quebecor's
TVA network, acquired in the Vidéotron
deal.
Whether or not Péladeau views Mulroney
as a father figure, there is no denying
how deeply he values the older man's counsel. Despite their
closeness, Péladeau remains unflinchingly
deferential toward Mulroney, always
addressing him with the polite “vous” and
never the more familiar “tu.” “Pierre
Karl says ‘vous'
to a lot of people, but there are
not many whom he has known for a long
time that he still calls ‘Mr.,' ” says
Péladeau's
partner, TV producer and host Julie
Snyder. “Mr. Mulroney
represents for him the past, present
and future. He is a reassuring presence,
because he was a friend of his father
and
his father had so much respect for
Mr. Mulroney. ”
Péladeau is not the only
jeune loup Mulroney has taken under
his wing. He is a big backer of New Brunswick Premier Bernard
Lord, and has
dispensed career advice to the ambitious
38-year-old, who considered running
for the federal Conservative Party leadership this year. “He
wouldn't push me one way or the other,” Lord
says. “But he
told me what to expect.” In anticipation of
Lord's eventual rise to the national
stage, Mulroney has also helped the young premier
to
network. In July, 2002, he organized
a retreat with Lord at Larry's Gulch,
a provincial government-owned lodge on the Restigouche
River,
famous
for its salmon fishing. The guest
list included Péladeau, Paul
Desmarais Jr., then-Barrick CEO Randall
Oliphant, Tom Hicks, Allen Andreas
and a special guest—the elder George Bush.
The latter remembers the weekend fondly, although,
he laments, “the
promise was to get some fish, which
we got none of.” Adds
Lord: “What
struck me in those few days was the
real friendship [Mulroney] had with
these people, especially Mr. Bush. ”
Bush, Hicks,
Cisneros, Desmarais, Péladeau, O'Reilly, Andreas,
Munk, Forbes. This is the core of
Mulroney's international network.
It remains so solid, Desmarais Sr. explains, “because
he works at his relationship with people. If
you read the newspapers, you'd think
nobody likes Brian Mulroney.
But the fact is, he is much more than
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